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目的掌握浙江省衢州市肾综合征出血热(HFRS)流行特征和宿主动物分布特点。方法收集衢州市2005—2012年HFRS人间和鼠间疫情资料进行分析。结果衢州市8年间共报告HFRS 424例,死亡2例,年平均发病率为2.28/10万,病死率为0.47%,发病率呈逐年下降趋势。患者以30~69岁为主,占85.38%,农民占79.95%,男女性别比为2.50∶1。季节高峰呈夏季和冬季双峰型,以开化县山区发病率最高。室内以褐家鼠为优势种,占57.39%;室外以黑线姬鼠为优势种,占76.04%。鼠类HFRS带病毒率为2.02%,鼠血清HFRS抗体阳性率为4.35%。结论衢州市广泛分布姬鼠型为主的混合型HFRS疫区,仍需加强本病监测、灭鼠和疫苗接种工作。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of HFRS and the distribution characteristics of host animals in Quzhou, Zhejiang Province. Methods The epidemic data of human and mouse HFRS collected from 2005 to 2012 in Quzhou City were collected for analysis. Results A total of 424 HFRS cases were reported in Quzhou over the past eight years, with 2 deaths. The average annual incidence was 2.28 per 100 000 and the case fatality rate was 0.47%. The incidence rate showed a declining trend year by year. Patients aged 30 to 69, accounting for 85.38%, farmers accounted for 79.95%, male to female ratio was 2.50: 1. Peak season showed summer and winter bimodal type, with the highest incidence of mountainous areas in Kaihua County. The dominant species was Rattus norvegicus, occupying 57.39% of the total, while the dominant species of Apodemus agrarius was 76.04%. The prevalence of HFRS in mice was 2.02%, and the positive rate of HFRS in mouse serum was 4.35%. Conclusion There is still a need to strengthen surveillance, rodent control and vaccination of the mixed HFRS epidemic area in Quzhou City, which is mainly distributed in the region of Apodemus.