学生的学习是一种认识活动。这种对客观世界的认识不是消极被动的,是在积极主动的活动中完成的。这就要求我们必须优化教学过程,把学习的主动权交给学生,充分发挥学生的潜能。学生认识客观世界的各个阶段都要进行积极的思维活动,只有启发学生思考,才能达到学习目的。孔子总结出“不愤不启,不悱不发。”的教育思想,强调学生的学习要处于积极思考的状态,这个思想今天仍有现实意义。 Student learning is a kind of awareness activity. This understanding of the objective world is not passive and passive. It is done in a pro-active manner. This requires that we must optimize the teaching process, to give students the initiative to learn, give full play to their potential. All stages of students ’understanding of the objective world should conduct positive thinking activities. Only by enlightening students’ thinking can they achieve their learning goals. Confucius summed up the education philosophy of “no indignity, indifference.” It emphasizes that students’ learning should be in a state of positive thinking. This thought is still of realistic significance today.