特殊化方法是一种以退为进的解题策略,它主要指在研究问题的过程中,通过考虑特殊情形,如特殊关系、特殊位置、特殊数值、特殊图形、特殊反例等,使复杂问题简单化、抽象问题具体化,从而寻求出解决问题的突破口,使问题快速、准确、有效地得以解决.在初中数学解题中,在解答某些数学问题时,若按照一般方法求解难度大,或无从下手,此时,教师不妨引导学生考虑它的特殊情形,巧借特殊化方法,优化解题过程,培养学 The specialization method is a problem solving strategy that retreats from advancement. It mainly refers to the complex issues that arise from the consideration of special situations, such as special relationships, special locations, special values, special graphics, special counterexamples, etc., in the process of studying problems. The simplification and abstraction problems are concrete, so as to seek a breakthrough point for solving the problem, so that the problem can be resolved quickly, accurately, and effectively. In the mathematics problem solving of junior high school, when solving some mathematics problems, it is difficult to solve according to the general method. Or can not start, at this time, teachers may wish to guide students to consider its special circumstances, clever use of special methods, optimize the problem-solving process, training