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microRNAs(miRNAs)是一类长度约22 nt的非编码小RNA,通过碱基互补配对的方式调控靶基因的表达。本文采用同源搜索的方法,以线虫、果蝇、文昌鱼和人类的miRNA为探针,与海鞘的基因组序列进行比对,同时结合miRNA二级结构特征及SVM假阳性分析共发现10个新的miRNA基因。通过靶基因预测,共找出225个潜在靶基因,这些靶基因主要参与细胞代谢、转录调节、结合活性等功能。新miRNA基因的识别为海鞘miRNA功能研究奠定了基础,并为更进一步揭示脊椎动物miRNA的起源与进化提供了理论依据。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNAs about 22 nt in length that regulate the expression of a target gene by means of base-pairing. In this paper, homologous search methods, miRNAs of nematodes, fruit flies, amphioxus and human beings were used as probes to compare with the genomic sequences of ascidians, and 10 new miRNAs were found in combination with miRNA secondary structure and SVM false positive analysis Of miRNA genes. Totally 225 potential target genes were identified through target gene prediction. These target genes are mainly involved in functions such as cell metabolism, transcription regulation, and binding activity. The identification of the new miRNA gene lays the foundation for the study of the function of the sea squirt miRNA, and provides a theoretical basis for further revealing the origin and evolution of the miRNA of the vertebrate.