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液力缓速器是把车辆的动能转化为工作介质的热能,实现平稳刹车的一种辅助制动装置。因其作用过程制动转矩大、过程平稳、寿命长、散热性能好等特点,在重载、高速运行的车辆上应用广泛。文中通过分析液力缓速器工作介质的流动特性,对工作介质微团所受的作用力进行分析,基于欧拉束流理论建立液力缓速器能量耗散方程,得出液力缓速器制动转矩的值取决于摩擦功的大小,而摩擦功与工作介质的粘度及应变速率的平方成正比。最后指出液力缓速器机械设计的核心在于限制工作介质的流态,为液力缓速器设计计算奠定理论基础。
Hydraulic retarder is the vehicle’s kinetic energy into the heat of the working medium, to achieve a smooth braking auxiliary braking device. Because of its role in the process of braking torque, smooth process, long life, good thermal performance, etc., in heavy load, high-speed operation of the vehicle is widely used. In this paper, by analyzing the flow characteristics of the working medium of the retarder, the force acting on the working medium micelles is analyzed. Based on the Euler beam theory, the energy dissipation equation of the retarder is established, and the hydraulic retardation The value of the brake torque depends on the size of the friction work, which is proportional to the square of the viscosity and strain rate of the working medium. Finally, it is pointed out that the core of hydrodynamic retarder mechanical design is to limit the flow of working medium, laying a theoretical foundation for the design and calculation of hydrodynamic retarder.