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对比实验是科学研究中常用的一种实验方法,在自然教学中也应用到对比实验。《九年义务教育全日制小学自然教学大纲》要求中年级学生掌握对比实验的基本方法,明确对比实验的原则。我在教学中注意了以下问题。 一、指导学生掌握对比实验的基本方法 在对比实验的教学中,指导学生分析、找出两组实验的相同条件,只确定一个条件不同,这个不同的条件就是实验中要求了解的,要弄清它对实验会产生什么影响。然后把两组实验的结果进行比较,从而弄清这个不同条件对实验的影响程度。中年级大纲中规定要做的对比实验有:溶解快慢的对比实验;不同电路的对比实验;砂土、粘土、壤土性质的对比实验等。
Contrast experiment is a commonly used experimental method in scientific research. It is also applied to comparative experiments in natural teaching. “Nine-year compulsory education full-time elementary school nature syllabus” requires middle-aged students to master the basic methods of comparative experiments, a clear contrast between the principle of experiment. I have noticed the following questions in my teaching. First, to guide students to master the basic methods of comparative experiments In the teaching of comparative experiments, guiding students to analyze and find out the same conditions of two sets of experiments, only to determine a different conditions, the different conditions are required to understand the experiment, to clarify What impact it will have on the experiment? Then compare the results of two groups of experiments, so as to find out the influence of different conditions on the experiment. Comparison of the middle-grade outline to do the control experiments are: the dissolution of the speed of the contrast test; different circuits of the comparative experiment; sand, clay, loam nature of the comparative experiment.