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来自产业政策部门的最新资料显示,我国设备投资60％依靠进口,其中,100％的光纤制造装备、80％以上的集成电路制造装备和石油化工装备、 70％的数控机床是外国产品。而与此同时,钢铁、水泥、电解铝、焦炭等大量消耗能源和原材料的产业却在飞速膨胀。目前,国内企业在自主创新能力方面存在不足。国资委提供的数据显示,中央企业科技支出费用占主营业务收入的比重平均为1％,远远低于国际先进企业的水平。而大部分小企业满足于简单的模仿和来料加工,长此以往,国家的核心竞争力堪忧。针对这种现状,上至中央领导,下至企业经营者都忧心忡忡。本刊记者访问了一些政府官员、专家学者和企业家,他们对提高企业自主创新能力,客观认识我国产业优势和不足的看法及建议,可以给我们一些启示。
The latest data from the industrial policy department show that 60% of China’s equipment investment depends on imports, among which 100% of optical fiber manufacturing equipment, more than 80% of integrated circuit manufacturing equipment and petrochemical equipment, and 70% of CNC machine tools are foreign products. In the meantime, industries such as steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum and coke that consume large amounts of energy and raw materials are rapidly expanding. At present, there are deficiencies in the capability of independent innovation of domestic enterprises. The data provided by SASAC show that the proportion of science and technology expenditures of central enterprises in the main business income averages 1%, which is far below the level of the international advanced enterprises. Most small businesses are content with simple imitation and processing. In the long run, the country’s core competitiveness is worrying. In response to this situation, from the central leadership, down to business managers are worried. Our reporter visited some government officials, experts and scholars, and entrepreneurs. They can give us some enlightenment on improving their capability of independent innovation and objectively understanding the advantages and disadvantages of China’s industries.