论文部分内容阅读
一九四七年二月二十三日,在美国的贝尔实验室,巴丁、布拉顿和肖克莱发明了世界上第一只晶体管。在当时,谁也不曾料到,这小小晶体管的发明竟然拉开了二十世纪后半叶新技术革命的序幕。五十年代,人们发明了平面工艺,很快制出了集成电路。在此后三十多年的时间里,集成电路以令人瞠目的速度迅猛发展,集成规模由小规模发展到中规模,继而又发展为大规模、超大规模。今天,人们已可在一块9.74×20.28平方毫米的硅片上集成1.4亿个元件
On February 23, 1947, the first transistor in the world was invented by Bell Labs, the United States, Budinger, Bratton and Shockley. At that time, no one had expected that the invention of this tiny transistor would have opened the curtain of the new technological revolution in the second half of the twentieth century. In the 1950s, people invented the planar process, and soon made the integrated circuit. Over the next thirty years or so, the speed of integrated circuits has grown at an alarming rate. The scale of integration has moved from small scale to medium scale, and then to large-scale and ultra-large scale. Today, people are able to integrate 140 million components on a 9.74 × 20.28 mm2 silicon wafer