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(一) 科技人员在工作中要经常查阅外文资料,了解世界科技动态,这就必须学习外语。要掌握一种外语,必须过词汇关。“记生词”对掌握科技外语是至关重要的,在学习外语的整个时间中占的比例也最大。词是最小的有意义的能单独使用的语言单位。语言是一套符号系统。语言包括语音、词汇、语法三要素,该三要素都能起到传递信息的作用。语音是符号的标记,主要是语调有一定意义,孤立的音位是没有意义的,音位只有按定的规律组合成词才有意义;语法是组成这个符号排列组合的规则,是属于抽象“范畴”;词汇是组成这个符号系统的一个个符号,它所承担的信息量远远超过语音和语法。
(1) Scientific and technical personnel should regularly consult foreign materials in their work and understand the world’s scientific and technological developments. This must learn foreign languages. To master a foreign language, you must pass the glossary. “Writing a new word” is crucial to mastering a foreign language in science and technology and occupies the largest proportion of the total time it takes to learn a foreign language. Words are the smallest meaningful language units that can be used individually. Language is a symbol system. Language includes three elements of speech, vocabulary and grammar. All three elements can play the role of transmitting information. Phonetic symbols are symbols, mainly intonation has a certain meaning, isolated phonological is meaningless, phonological only according to the law of the regular combination of words is meaningful; grammar is composed of the symbol of the combination of rules, is an abstract “ Category ”; Vocabulary is a symbol of the system of symbols, the amount of information it undertakes far more than voice and grammar.