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目的分析心理护理对脑梗死患者焦虑、抑郁情绪影响,探讨对脑梗死患者进行心理护理必要性、可行性、有效性。方法 84例脑梗死患者,随机分为对照组和观察组,各42例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上给予心理护理.对比两组干预前、干预15 d后焦虑与抑郁水平。结果 15 d后,观察组汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分分别(44.9±10.3)、(41.9±10.3)分低于干预前的(57.3±10.3)、(43.0±9.4)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);15d后,对照组HAMA、HAMD评分分别为(45.8±8.5)、(49.3±8.3)分,对照组HAMA低于干预前的(58.7±12.4)分、HAMD高于干预前的(54.8±10.3)分,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论脑梗死患者普遍伴有不同程度焦虑、抑郁,部分可达到病理水平,多数患者随着时间的推移,焦虑症状表现可缓解,但抑郁临床表现则可不断加重,开展心理护理非常必要;心理护理确实有助于全面改善患者心理健康水平,家属改善焦虑表现,减轻抑郁表现,对于增强患者依从性,及早落实康复训练具有积极意义;应特别关注未获得改善、持续出现的焦虑症状表现与持续增强的抑郁症状表现。
Objective To analyze the impact of psychological nursing on anxiety and depression in patients with cerebral infarction and to explore the necessity, feasibility and effectiveness of psychological nursing in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods 84 patients with cerebral infarction were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 42 cases in each group. The control group was given routine care, and the observation group was given psychological care on the basis of the control group.The anxiety and depression levels were compared between two groups before and 15 days after intervention. Results After 15 days, the scores of HAMA and HAMD in observation group were lower than those before intervention (44.9 ± 10.3, 41.9 ± 10.3, 57.3 ± 10.3, 43.0 ± (P <0.05). After 15 days, the scores of HAMA and HAMD in the control group were (45.8 ± 8.5) and (49.3 ± 8.3) points respectively, while those in the control group were lower than those before intervention (58.7 ± 12.4) points, HAMD higher than before intervention (54.8 ± 10.3) points, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions The patients with cerebral infarction are generally associated with varying degrees of anxiety and depression, and some of them may reach the pathological level. Most patients may relieve the symptoms of anxiety with the passage of time, but the clinical manifestations of depression may continue to worsen. It is necessary to carry out psychological nursing. Psychological nursing Indeed help to improve the overall mental health of patients, family members to improve the performance of anxiety and reduce the performance of depression, to enhance patient compliance, and early implementation of rehabilitation training has positive significance; should pay special attention to unobserved and sustained performance of anxiety symptoms and continued to increase Depression symptoms.