迁移是教育心理学中的一个概念.它是指人们已有的知识和经验对于新知识学习的影响。在心理学中,迁移分为正迁移和负迁移两种,正迁移是助长性迁移,指已有的知识对新知识的学习起积极的促进作用;负迁移是抑制性迁移,指已有的知识对新知识的学习起消极的干扰作用。例如,小学生掌握了简单应用题的数量关系,就有助于解答复合应用题;掌握了乘数是两位数的乘法,就有助于学习乘数是三位数乃至多位数的乘法;学过了整数加、减运算中数位对齐的法则,就有可能导致在学习小数加、减法时,不把参加运算的各数的小数点对齐,而把小数末位对齐的错误.这些,都是常见的学习迁移的现象。前两个例子是正迁移,后一个例子是负迁移。迁移现象在学习过程中不仅极为普遍,而且极为 Migration is a concept in educational psychology, which refers to the influence people's existing knowledge and experience have on new knowledge learning. In psychology, the transfer is divided into positive and negative migration, positive migration is to promote the migration, refers to the existing knowledge of new knowledge to play a positive role in promoting; negative transfer is inhibitory migration, refers to the existing Knowledge plays a negative interference role in the learning of new knowledge. For example, pupils master the number of simple application questions, it will help solve the problem of composite applications; mastered the multiplier is a two-digit multiplication, it will help to learn the multiplier is a three-digit or multi-digit multiplication; I learned that the rules of digit-algebraic addition and subtraction of integers can lead to the error of aligning the last decimal places without learning the decimal addition and subtraction, Common phenomenon of learning to migrate. The first two examples are positive, the latter example is negative. Migration phenomenon in the learning process is not only very common, but also extremely