人们有一种普遍的误解,认为在西方国家关于公平与效率的观点,似乎只有“效率优先”这一种,或者认为只有这种观点才是正统的、主流的。其实,在公平与效率的关系问题上,西方存在着三种典型的观点:效率优先;公平优先;公平与效率并重。这三种观点至今仍争论不休,分不出绝对的正统与主流。 There is a widespread misconception that there seems to be only one “efficiency first” view of Western countries regarding fairness and efficiency, or that only such views are orthodox and mainstream. In fact, on the issue of the relationship between fairness and efficiency, there are three typical Western views: efficiency is given priority; fairness is given priority to equity and efficiency. These three kinds of views are still debated endlessly, unable to distinguish the absolute orthodoxy and the mainstream.