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下荆江河道周围密集分布着多条故道,其中包含有两个国家级自然保护区和两个国家级亲鱼原种基地,具有非常重要生态意义和保护价值。结合空间信息技术,系统分析了各故道的分布特征及通江特性。下荆江故道的形成过程与荆江河道的演变密不可分,从下荆江各故道形成的时间间隔来看,下荆江故道周边河道将再次进入河势变化的潜在不稳定期。从其形成机制来看,水沙形势变化引起的河道冲淤格局是其发生演变的主要原因。在1950～2008年荆江河道水沙数据分析的基础上,结合三峡工程实施前后故道附近河道冲淤监测结果以及下荆江堤防的控制性影响,研究了未来下荆江可能的变化趋势及其对通江故道产生的潜在影响。
There are many ancient roads around the Jingjiang River, including two national nature reserves and two national parent broodstock breeding bases, which have very important ecological significance and protection value. Combined with spatial information technology, the paper systematically analyzes the distribution characteristics and the characteristics of Tongjiang. The formation process of the Jingjiang Old Course is closely related to the evolution of the Jingjiang River. From the time interval of the formation of the old Jingjiang River, the watercourse around the Jingjiang Old Course under the Jingjiang River will once again enter the potential unstable period of change of the river regime. Judging from its formation mechanism, the pattern of river scouring and silting caused by the change of water and sediment situation is the main reason for its evolution. Based on the analysis of water and sediment data in Jingjiang River from 1950 to 2008 and the monitoring results of scouring and silting in the vicinity of the old course of the Three Gorges Project before and after the implementation of the Three Gorges Project and the control effects of the embankment under the Jingjiang River, The potential impact of the old course.