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人类进化与否,完全取决于它的基因组。早在1990年,美国科学家就启动了全球为之轰动的“人类基因组计划”,她堪与“曼哈顿原子弹计划”和“阿波罗登月计划”相媲美。“人类基因组计划”研究的最新成果表明,人类基因组里大概有4万个基因,仅是一种寄生在水果上的小飞虫果蝇基因的两倍。这个“家底”少得连科学家们都感到意外,因为原先他们估计,人类总共有6至10万个基因。人类基因组里大致有30亿个碱基对,可以编码300万个左右的基因,而目前仅仅利用了1.3%,里面尚有大片大片尚未耕种的“荒地”。这些“荒地”尽管现在还是光秃秃的,但随着人类继续进化,会有越来越多的新基因从这里“长”出来,不断充实人类基因组的“家底”。
Whether or not humans have evolved depends entirely on its genome. As early as 1990, American scientists launched the world’s sensational “Human Genome Project.” She is comparable to the “The Manhattan Atomic Bomb Project” and the “Apollo Moon Project.” The latest results of the “Human Genome Project” study show that there are about 40,000 genes in the human genome, which is only twice the size of the Drosophila gene flies on fruits. This “small family” was surprising even to scientists because they originally estimated that humans have a total of 6 to 100,000 genes. There are roughly 3 billion base pairs in the human genome, which can encode about 3 million genes. At present, only 1.3% of them are used. There are a large number of wastelands that have not been cultivated yet. Although these “wastelands” are still bare, as humans continue to evolve, more and more new genes will “grow” from here and continue to enrich the “genome” of the human genome.