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运用GIS和地统计学相结合的方法,通过对全国第二次土壤普查时期(1980年)、2000年、2011年研究区三期采样数据的比较,研究了东北主要黑土区海伦、双城、公主岭三个县(市)不同时期的土壤有机碳密度与储量,并分析了30年来研究区土壤有机碳密度与储量在时间与空间的变化情况。研究表明:海伦、双城和公主岭过去30年间土壤有机碳密度分别下降了0.68 kg m-2、0.18 kg m-2和1.05 kg m-2;储量分别下降了0.23×1010kg、0.05×1010kg和0.18×1010kg。海伦、双城前20年有机碳密度下降速率较快,后10年趋向平稳并略微增长,公主岭有机碳密度在研究期的30年内仍处于快速下降阶段。按照土类统计,1980年与2011年两个时期研究区的有机碳密度与储量,结果表明几乎所有土壤类型的有机碳密度与储量均出现下降,有机碳密度降幅最大的为棕壤(下降1.95 kg m-2),有机碳储量降幅最大为黑土(下降0.29×1010kg)。
Using the method of combining GIS and geostatistics, this paper studied the data of the third sampling period in the second soil survey (1980, 2000 and 2011) In the three counties (cities) of Gongzhuling, the soil organic carbon density and reserves in different periods were also analyzed. The changes of soil organic carbon density and reserves in time and space in the past 30 years were analyzed. The results showed that the soil organic carbon densities of Helen, Shuangcheng and Gongzhuling decreased by 0.68 kg m-2, 0.18 kg m-2 and 1.05 kg m-2, respectively, over the past 30 years; the stocks decreased by 0.23 × 1010 kg, 0.05 × 1010 kg and 0.18 × 1010kg. Helen and Twins in the first 20 years of Shuangcheng had a rapid decline in organic carbon density, a steady and slight increase in the past 10 years, and an evergreen decline in the organic carbon density in Gongzhuling within the 30 years of the study period. According to the soil statistics, the organic carbon density and reserves of the study area in 1980 and 2011 showed that the organic carbon density and the reserves decreased in almost all soil types, and the largest decrease in organic carbon density was brown soil (down 1.95 kg m-2), the largest decline of organic carbon storage was black soil (down 0.29 × 1010kg).