一、初中化学教学学习的过程是一种新旧知识相互影响的过程,在素质教育的大环境背景下,要让学生尽快掌握知识以及培养学生的发散能力,就要注重迁移能力的培养.由于化学学科本身的学科特点,注重这种迁移能力的培养尤为重要,但是迁移却往往会导致两只不同的结果,一种是正迁移,而另一种则是负迁移.正迁移会对学生已掌握的知识加以巩固,并对新知识起良好的促进作用,比如用氯酸钾加二氧化锰制备氧气的时候,其中的二氧化锰是起到一个催化剂的作用,而在用高锰酸钾和氯酸钾混合加热制备氧气的时候,却没有加入二氧化锰,许多学 First, the junior high school chemistry teaching and learning process is a process of interaction between old and new knowledge, in the context of quality education environment, to enable students to grasp the knowledge as soon as possible and to develop the divergent ability of students, we must focus on the ability to migrate .Because chemistry Discipline itself, the characteristics of the discipline, focusing on the development of this ability to migrate is particularly important, but the transfer will often lead to two different results, one is the positive transfer, while the other is the negative transfer.A positive transfer will have mastered the students Knowledge to consolidate and new knowledge to play a good role in promoting, such as with potassium chlorate plus manganese dioxide oxygen preparation, where the manganese dioxide is to play a catalytic role in the use of potassium permanganate and potassium chlorate mixed heating Preparation of oxygen, but did not join the manganese dioxide, many learn