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俄罗斯在公司制度方面吸收了英美的公司类型和欧洲大陆公司的类型,并且有自己的独创,即员工股份公司(人民企业)。该企业制度诞生于特定的历史背景之下,配合着俄罗斯私有化的第三个阶段的目标,为了避免寡头的形成和创造俄罗斯的中产阶级而在规则设计方面煞费苦心,从设立、注册资本、员工人数、持股及转让限制等诸多方面体现着这些目标。但自《俄罗斯联邦员工股份公司(人民企业)特别法律地位法》通过以来,俄罗斯国内外就人民企业的实际作用褒贬不一,现今检视的结果是,该企业形态并未对俄罗斯经济发展发挥太多作用。我国应将这一公司制度作为失败的教训来对待。
Russia absorbs Anglo-American company types and European mainland company types in its corporate system, and has its own uniqueness, namely, employee stock companies (People’s Enterprises). This system of enterprises, born under a specific historical background and in line with the goal of the third phase of privatization in Russia, exerted painstaking efforts in the design of rules in order to avoid the formation of oligarchs and create a middle class in Russia. From establishing and registering capital, These goals are reflected in many aspects, such as the number of people, ownership and transfer restrictions. However, since the adoption of the Law on the Special Legal Status of Employees’ Joint-Stock Company (People’s Enterprises) of the Russian Federation, the actual role of the people’s enterprises in Russia at home and abroad has been mixed. Today’s review shows that the pattern of the enterprises did not exert any influence over Russia’s economic development. Multi-role. Our country should treat this corporate system as a lesson to failure.