自从1927年Muller和Stadler用X射线分别从果蝇和玉米中诱发出突变;1937年Blekclee等利用秋水仙碱诱导出植物多倍体以后,人工诱发获得变异性的途径引起了人们的重视.进入六十年代以来,利用诱发突变直接培育成农作物新品种已在国内外取得较快的发展.人工诱变已成为育种家创造新的种质资源的重要途径,有效地促进了农作物新品种选育工作的发展. Muller and Stadler induced mutations in Drosophila and maize with X-rays respectively in 1927. After Blekclee et al. Used colchicine to induce plant polyploid in 1937, the pathways of artificial induced variability were of great concern. Since the 1960s, the direct breeding of new varieties into crops has made rapid progress both at home and abroad with induced mutation, and artificial mutagenesis has become an important way for breeders to create new germplasm resources and effectively promoted the breeding of new crop varieties The development of work.