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土壤盐渍化是目前世界农业面临的主要环境问题之一。克里雅绿洲土壤盐渍化日趋严重,直接影响当地农业发展和生态环境建设。借助统计软件,运用统计特征值等方法,探讨了克里雅绿洲土壤含盐量、盐分化学组成及其不同时期的变化情况。结果发现:盐渍地土壤的含盐量普遍高于农田土壤;盐渍地土壤平均pH为9.965,呈强碱性;农田土壤平均pH为8.340,呈碱性。盐渍地土壤盐分组成主要为CI-,CO23-和K++Na+为主;农田土壤盐分组成主要为Ca2+,Mg2+,SO42-和K++Na+。相对于盐渍地而言,农田土壤中CI-,CO32-含量明显降低,其次为K++Na+;Ca2+和Mg2+含量明显增加。盐渍地土壤总含盐量从7月到9月一直处于累积状态;农田土壤总含盐量却处于不同的状态。0cm,40cm,60cm等土层中的总含盐量处于脱盐状态;而20cm,80cm,100cm等土层中的总含盐量处于积盐状态。从7月到9月,不同土壤层次中的各盐离子也处于不同的状态。
Soil salinization is currently one of the major environmental problems facing the world agriculture. The soil salinization in Keria Oasis is becoming more and more serious, which directly affects the development of local agriculture and the construction of ecological environment. With the aid of statistical software and statistical eigenvalues, the changes of soil salinity, salt chemical composition and different periods in the Keria Oasis were discussed. The results showed that the salt content of salinized soils was generally higher than that of farmland soils. The average pH of salinized soils was 9.965, which was alkaline. The average pH value of farmland soils was 8.340 and was alkaline. Salt content in salinized soils was mainly composed of CI-, CO23- and K ++ Na +. Salt content in farmland mainly consisted of Ca2 +, Mg2 +, SO42- and K ++ Na +. Compared with the saline soil, the content of CI- and CO32- in farmland soil decreased significantly, followed by K + + Na +; the content of Ca2 + and Mg2 + increased obviously. Saline soil total salt content from July to September has been in a cumulative state; total salt content of farmland soil is in a different state. The total salinity in 0cm, 40cm, 60cm and other soil layers was desalted, while the total salinity in 20cm, 80cm and 100cm soil layers was in salt accumulation. From July to September, the salt ions in different soil layers are also in different states.