柳宗元一生最苦痛也最丰富的生活是在永州。“永贞革新”失败后,柳宗元被贬为永州司马,“既罹窜逐,涉履蛮瘴,崎岖堙厄,蕴骚人之郁悼。写情叙事,动必以文。为骚文十数篇,览之者为之凄恻”(《旧唐书·柳宗元传》),他的文学成就在此抵达了巅峰。自称“罪人”的柳宗元在永州十年牢狱般的生活,虽不能说像当年的阮籍“一日复一夕,一夕复一朝”(《咏怀》其三十二)那样数着手指头苦捱日子,却也对前途充满了忧虑,对生活充满了幽怨:“窜伏常战栗,怀故逾悲辛”(《种白 Liu Zongyuan most painful life is also the most abundant life is in Yongzhou. After the defeat of Yongzheng Revolution, Liu Zongyuan was dismissed as Sima of Yongzhou, and “both suffer from evasion, barbarousness, ruggedness and sadness. Wen ten, the list of those who look sad ”(“ old Tang Liu Zongyuan Biography ”), his literary achievements reached its peak in this. Liu Zongyuan, who claimed to be “sinners”, had ten years of prison-like life in Yongzhou. Although he can not say the same number of times as his “one day after another, one day after another” (Yonghuai, the thirty-two) Fighting fingers, but also full of worries about the future, life is full of resentment: “channeling often trembling chest, pregnant with sad compassion ” ("kind of white