当发展中国家经过几个世纪的变迁,正在寻找一种适用技术的时候,它们面前出现了一个技术巨人——极大规模集成(VLSI)电路技术。这种技术在发达国家中看来已在控制各个工业部门和各种人类活动的领域。在VLSI中,最新的技术恰好就是最适用的技术。不过发展中国家仍需根据本国实现现代化的愿望和存在的问题,如失业人口膨胀、科技基础薄弱、过于偏重农村和农业等,来确定VLSI技术体系对本国是否适用,是否具有生命力。 本文作者认为,在VLSI领域中,发展中国家将通过引进工业、国防、通信、仪表等有关系统的途径,不断地从发达国家获得技术转移。文中分析了采纳VLSI技术的几种方案,同时分析了每种方案存在的问题。 文中针对发展中国家存在的问题谈到了VLSI的未来应用,还涉及了硬件和软件方面的教育和培训、利用“硅片复制厂”作为“技术情报收集站”以及定制设计能力等问题。这些都是为发展中国家最佳地利用VLSI而提出的各种短期和长期的选择方案。 When developing countries have been looking for a suitable technology after centuries of changes, they have emerged as a technology giant, the Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) circuit technology. This technology seems to have been in control of various industrial sectors and various human activities in developed countries. In VLSI, the latest technology happens to be the most suitable technology. However, developing countries still need to determine whether the VLSI technology system is applicable to their country and whether they have vitality, based on their national aspirations for modernization and existing problems, such as the expansion of the unemployed population, weak technology base, and excessive emphasis on rural areas and agriculture. The author of this paper believes that in the VLSI field, developing countries will continue to obtain technology transfer from developed countries through the introduction of systems related to industry, national defense, communications, and instrumentation. This paper analyzes several schemes for adopting VLSI technology and analyzes the problems of each solution. The paper addresses the future applications of VLSI for the problems existing in developing countries. It also involves hardware and software education and training, the use of “silicon chip factory” as a “technical intelligence collection station” and custom design capabilities. These are short-term and long-term options for developing countries to make the best use of VLSI.