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以“中国新文学大系”的通常分期，按三个不同的历史时期，系统、概括又具体、详尽地梳理并缕述了现代散文“理论建设”的实在进展，对其成就及问题做了实事求是的回顾和反思，对其中有重要贡献的作家和有代表性的重要文献；进行了撮要的介绍和精简的评价，最后在“简短结语”中提出三点思考意见：第一，“范畴论”问题，未能彻底厘清，从而留下严重后患；第二，因为散文范畴的泛化，散文的特征论、创作论、批评与鉴赏论等均无从着手；第三，中国古代散文和外国散文均是文类而不是文体，完成散文文体的净化应勇敢走自己的路。
Based on the general staging of “The Great Lines of Chinese New Literature” and according to three different historical periods, the author systematically and comprehensively and thoroughly reviewed the actual progress of “theory construction” of modern prose and made a detailed account of its achievements and problems The review and reflection on seeking truth from facts, the writers and important representative documents which have made important contributions to them; the introduction and brief evaluation of summaries; and finally, three thinking opinions are put forward in the “concluding remarks”: First, "category theory Second, because of the generalization of the category of prose, the essay’s trait theory, creation theory, criticism and appreciation theory are all unworkable. Third, the ancient Chinese prose and foreign prose Are the genre rather than style, the prose should be done bravely to go its own way.