结合能和平均结合能的概念是比较抽象的,但它是获得原子能(重核裂变和轻核聚变)利用的理论依据,是原子物理学中的一个重要概念。 一.精确的测量结果——质量亏损 质子和中子(统称为核子)——组成原子核,当人们精确测量了独立存在的核子质量及它们所组成的原子核的质量后,发现任何一个原子核的质量总和总小于组成它的核子质量之和,例如_4~7B.核,组成 The concept of binding energy and average binding energy is rather abstract, but it is the theoretical basis for the utilization of atomic energy (heavy nuclear fission and light nuclear fusion) and is an important concept in atomic physics. Precise measurement - mass loss Protons and neutrons (collectively, the nucleus) - make up the nucleus. When one accurately measures the masses of nuclei that exist independently and the nuclei of the nuclei they form, one finds the mass of any nucleus The total sum is less than the sum of the masses of the nuclei that make up it, for example, _4 ~ 7B