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通过基因组原位杂交、重双端体测交及RFLP分析,解析了来自小麦品种 “中国春” (Triticum aestivumL. cv. “Chinese Spring” (CS))×大麦品种 “Betzes” (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. “Betzes”)杂种后代15份材料的遗传组成,鉴定出6个二体异代换系;对与 “中国春” 重双端体DDT2A、DDT2B及DDT2D测交的F1代花粉母细胞减数分裂中期染色体构型进行观察,同时以小麦第二部分同源群短臂探针psr131进行RFLP分析,鉴定出一套遗传稳定的小麦-大麦2H二体异代换系2H(A)、2H(B)和2H(D)。小麦第二部分同源群短臂探针psr131可作为追踪大麦2H染色体的RFLP标记。从代换系的生长势及其他农艺性状看,大麦2H染色体对小麦染色体2B和2D的补偿作用较好。通过考种观察到携带大麦a淀粉酶抑制蛋白基因的2H染色体导入小麦后,淀粉品质发生了改变,外观品质由原来“中国春” 的半粉质转变为代换系的半角质。
Genome in situ hybridization, double terminal diploid and RFLP analysis were used to analyze the genetic diversity of wheat varieties “Triticum aestivum L. cv.” Chinese Spring “× barley” Betzes “(Hordeum vulgare L. cv ”Betzes“). Six diploid alien substitution lines were identified in this study. The pollen mother cells of F1 pollinated with DDT2A, DDT2B and DDT2D of ”Chinese Spring" At the same time, RFLP analysis was carried out on psr131 of the second homologous group of wheat, and a set of genetically stable wheat-barley 2H2D isozymes 2H (A), 2H ( B) and 2H (D). The second part of homology group wheat short-arm probe psr131 can be used as a RFLP marker to trace 2H chromosome of barley. From the growth potential of substitution lines and other agronomic traits, the 2H chromosome of barley compensates well the chromosomes 2B and 2D of wheat. The quality of starch was changed after the introduction of 2H chromosome carrying barley a-amylase inhibitor gene into wheat by test. The quality of appearance changed from the semi-silty of Chinese Spring to the half-horn of substitution lines.