张履祥与陆陇其是清代入祀孔庙的名儒,均是清初著名的理学大师,他们的思想对清代学术思想传承及当时的社会思潮有着不可估量的影响。张履祥是晚明大儒刘宗周的重要弟子,其后期为学由王学转向朱学,并站在朱学的立场传承刘宗周的学术,成为了清初尊朱辟王的先驱。陆陇其是清初恪守程朱理学的杰出代表,他积极阐扬朱子思想、力主向传统朱学复归,对清初朱学的复兴产生了积极的推动作用。在学术思想上,他们都尖锐地批判王学,对朱子理与太极的继承和阐发上也有着相近的观点,但在居敬穷理的理解上和对实学实行的要求上又有着一定的差异。在明清交替那个大动荡的时代里,他们关心国家的存亡,民族的兴衰,为纠正时蔽学风、救治人心世俗,高举“尊朱辟王”的大旗,为复兴程朱理学做出了不懈的努力。 Zhang Luxiang and Lu Long were the famous Confucianists in the Confucius Temple in the Qing Dynasty. They were all famous masters of science in the early Qing Dynasty. Their thoughts had an immeasurable influence on the inheritance of the academic thoughts in the Qing Dynasty and the current social thoughts. Zhang Luxiang was an important disciple of Liu Zongzhou, a Confucian scholar in the late Ming Dynasty. In the later period, he turned to learning from Wang Xue to Zhu Xue and inherited Liu Zongzhou’s academic position from the standpoint of Zhu Xue. Lu Longqi was an outstanding representative of abiding by Cheng and Zhu Neo-Confucianism in early Qing Dynasty. He actively explored Zhu Zi’s thinking and advocated the return of traditional Zhu Xue. It played a positive role in promoting the revival of Zhu Xue in the early Qing Dynasty. In academic thinking, they all criticized Wang Xue sharply. They also had similar views on the inheritance and elucidation of Zhu Zili and Tai Chi. However, they also had some differences in the respect and understanding of Confucianism . In the era of the turmoil that alternated between the Ming and the Qing Dynasties, they were concerned about the survival of the country and the rise and fall of the nation. They tried their best to correct the time-laden style of study and save the worldly world and held high the banner of “respecting the king and providing the king.” Made unremitting efforts.