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当今世界,被称为国际货币的币种大约有十几个,而由各国货币当局持有的所谓储备货币则更少,其中具有一定规模的为美元、欧元、英镑和日元,这也是构成特别提款权的四种货币。国际储备货币的竞争,是发行国或国家集团之间综合实力的较量,储备货币地位的变化,基本反映了这些国家或集团实力的消长。从表1可以看出,美元是世界顶级储备货币,欧元自1999年诞生后地位虽有所上升,但排除汇率因素后,在全球外汇储备中所占比例近几年大致稳定,并未如期望的那样对美元地位形成有力挑战,长期排名第三的日元,地位则是
In today’s world, there are about a dozen currencies called international currencies, while the so-called reserve currencies held by the monetary authorities of various countries are even smaller. Some of these are the U.S. dollar, the euro, the British pound and the Japanese yen. Four SDR currencies. The competition of the international reserve currency is a contest of the overall strength of the issuing country or group of countries. The change of the reserve currency status basically reflects the growth and decline of the power of these countries or groups. As can be seen from Table 1, the U.S. dollar is the world’s top reserve currency. Although the euro has risen in its position since its birth in 1999, the share of the global foreign exchange reserve after exiting the exchange rate has remained generally stable in recent years, That poses a formidable challenge to the status of the U.S. dollar. The long-term third-ranking Japanese yen is in that position