立体化学是十九世纪七十年代的产物。1374年,荷兰人雅可比·亨利·范特霍夫和法国人勒·贝尔同时发表论文,论述了碳的四面体构型问题。他们的推理方式虽各具特色,但所得的结果基本相同。为了叙述的方便起见,本文仅以范特霍夫的思想为代表,剖析归纳和演绎在立体化学形成过程中的作用。在此基础上,试图对这两种方法在科学研究中的联系和作用作一粗略概括。 Stereochemistry is the product of the seventies of the seventies. In 1374, the Dutch Jacobi Henry Fantehoff and French Le Baer also published papers discussing the tetrahedral configuration of carbon. Although their reasoning methods are distinctive, their results are basically the same. For the convenience of narration, this article only takes Fantehoff’s thought as the representative, analyzes the function of induction and deduction in the formation of stereochemistry. On this basis, I try to make a rough summary of the connection and function of these two methods in the scientific research.