在未来五到十年,为奠定西部地区长远经济发展的良好基础和后续推动力,西部地区必须不失时机地推进经济结构的调整、优化和升级。按照市场导向型、环保友好型、资源集约型、效益综合型、富民优先型的目标模式,把西部地区的资源优势转化为市场优势和竞争优势。积极探索建立面向21世纪的高素质经济结构。为此必须从根本上调整发展思路。改变资源导向型模式下仅仅把西部作为国家工业化的能源、原材料基地的传统观念,把培养和强化西部地区自我投资、自我积累、自我增长和自我发展的内生机制作为加快西部地区工业化的着力点和突破口,提升产业素质,改善整体经济绩效,提高人民收入。该文认为,西部地区的结构调整应该遵循几个基本原则:一是有利于增强西部各产业的市场竞争力,建构西部地区持续生成的产业发展能力。积极发挥比较优势,努力创造竞争优势,全面实现后发优势;二是要以富民为本,把创造就业、提高居民福利水平作为重要的发展目标;三是有利于可持续发展,经济建设不能以牺牲环境为代价,避免陷入“边开发、边破坏、再治理、难恢复”的恶性循环;四是有利于建立区域性的特色经济,发挥生物资源多样性、民族文化多样性丰富的优势,实现地区生产力的合理配置;五是有利于西部地区的经济现代化,既推进工业化、农业现代化进程,又不失时机地加快服务化、信息化、知识化进程,提高经济增长的绩效。——编者 In the next five to 10 years, in order to lay a solid foundation and follow-up force for the long-term economic development in the western region, the western region must seize the opportunity to promote the readjustment, optimization and upgrading of its economic structure. In accordance with the market-oriented, environment-friendly, resource-intensive, efficiency-oriented, enriching people’s priority target model, the resources in the western region into market advantages and competitive advantage. Actively explore the establishment of a 21st century high-quality economic structure. To this end we must fundamentally adjust the development of ideas. Under the resource-oriented model, we should regard the western part as the national energy source and the base of raw materials for industrialization in our country as the focal point for accelerating the industrialization in the western region through training and strengthening the endogenous mechanism of self-investment, self-accumulation, self-growth and self-development in the western region And breakthroughs to enhance industrial quality, improve overall economic performance and raise people’s income. The article holds that the structural adjustment in the western region should follow several basic principles: First, it is conducive to enhancing the market competitiveness of various industries in the western region and building the continual capability of industrial development in the western region. Actively exert comparative advantages, strive to create competitive advantages and fully realize backward advantages; second, take enriching people as the basis and create employment and raise residents’ welfare as an important development goal; third, promote sustainable development and economic construction must not be based on Sacrificing the environment at the expense of avoiding falling into a vicious cycle of “developing, destroying, re-treating and recovering from difficulties”; fourthly, it is conducive to establishing a regional special economy, giving full play to the diversity of biological resources and the rich diversity of ethnic cultures So as to realize the rational allocation of regional productivity. Fifthly, it is conducive to the economic modernization in the western region. It not only promotes the industrialization and agricultural modernization but also speeds up the process of service, informationization and knowledge-based economy so as to enhance the performance of economic growth. --editor