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hesitate
He who hesitates is lost.
当断不断，必受其患。
Eugene hesitated before picking up the phone.
尤金在拿起听筒前犹豫了一下。
Don’t hesitate to tell me if you have any request.
如果你有什么要求请告诉我，不要犹豫。
She hesitated over/at/about the choice between the dresses.
她犹豫不决，不能决定选两件裙子中的哪件。
【归纳】
v. 踌躇，犹豫，迟疑
hesitate to do ... 迟疑于做……
hesitate over/at/about 对做……犹豫不决
【拓展】
〈反义〉determine v. 决心
hesitation n. 犹豫，踌躇
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
hesitant adj. 犹豫的
classify
Would you classify her novels as serious literature or other？
你认为她的小说属于严肃文学，还是其他？
The books in the library are classified by/according to subject.
图书馆的书是按科目分类的。
Nouns can be classified into countable nouns and uncountable nouns.
名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
【归纳】
vt. 分类，归类；把……分等级
classify sth as 把……归类为……
classify sth by/according to 根据……为某物分类
classify sth in/into 把某物分成
【拓展】
classified adj. 分类的；分等级的
We can never find classified advertisement in the magazine.
在那本杂志上我们从来看不到分类广告。
classification n. 分类；类别
These things belong in a different classification.
这些东西属于不同的类别.
acquaintance
I came to England to make your acquaintance！
我正是来英国结识你的！
Mr Smith is an acquaintance of mine.
我与史密斯先生相识。
I have some acquaintance with the language.
我懂这门语言。
【归纳】
n. [C]相识；熟人 [U]认识，相知
make one’s acquaintance/make the acquaintance of sb 结识某人
【拓展】
on/upon （further） acquaintance 经过（更深入的）了解后
gain acquaintance with 与……得以熟悉
cut/drop one’s acquaintance with 与……绝交
acquaint sb with 使……知道，告知
He acquainted me with the change of the plan.
他告诉了我计划变更一事。
sharpen
She is sharpening a pencil.
她正在削铅笔。
The outline of the trees sharpened as it grew lighter.
随着天色转亮，树的轮廓也变清晰了。
His voice sharpened as he became impatient.
他不耐烦的时候，说话的声音也变尖了。
【归纳】
v. 使锋利；变得清晰；变得刺耳。
【拓展】
sharp
adj. 锐利的，尖的；（思维、目光）敏锐的；听觉灵敏的
I want a needle with a sharp point.
我想要一枚尖利的针。
adv. 准时地；整点地
you’d better get here at seven o’clock sharp.
你最好七点整到这儿。
assume
We can’t assume anything in this case.
这种情况下，我们不能作任何假设。
I didn’t see his car， so I assumed he’d gone out. 我没见到他的车，所以认为他出去了。
It’s generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
普遍认为繁重的工作会导致压力。
We can’t just assume her （to be） guilty.
我们不能想当然地认为她有罪。
【归纳】
v. 假定；认为；装作；承担。后多跟名词、代词、或从句作宾语，亦可跟复合宾语。
【拓展】
assumption n. 假定；假设
make an assumption about sth 认为/假定……
on the assumption that ... 假定……
cut up
Cut up the carrots before you put them into the pot.
把胡萝卜切碎后再放进锅内。
【归纳】
cut up 切开；切碎；弄碎
【拓展】
cut in 插嘴；强行超车
cut off 中断；砍掉；使……与外界隔绝
cut down 砍倒；减少；缩短
cut away 切除；剪去
cut out 裁减；删除；停止
cut across 抄近路穿过
练习
1. He ________ me he was brought up in a shabby and dirty town.
A. hesitated tell B. hesitated to tell
C. hesitated telling D. hesitated to telling
2. It was in Beijing that I made the________ ，of Steven Chen， who has a good sense of humor.
A. acknowledgement B. recognition
C. acquaintance D. association
3. We ________ certain living things as birds not because they have long legs or short ones， but because they all have feathers.
A. suppose B. classify
C. clarify D. insist
4. Today， the forests have almost gone. People must be stopped from________ too many tress.
A. cutting in B. cutting down
C. cutting up D. cutting out
5. The native Canadians lived in ________ ， with nature， for they respected nature as a provider of life.
A. contact B. harmony
C. acquaintance D. agreement
6. ________ ， I considered him as my best friend. （acquaintance）
认识他以后，我把他当做我最好的朋友。
7. He ________a pencil properly. （sharpen）
他甚至连一支铅笔都削不好。
8. She ________， but I still recognized her. （assume）
她装出洋腔调，但我仍听出来了。
参考答案
1～5 BCBBB
6. Having made his acquaintance
7. can’t even sharpen
8. assumed a foreign accent
He who hesitates is lost.
当断不断，必受其患。
Eugene hesitated before picking up the phone.
尤金在拿起听筒前犹豫了一下。
Don’t hesitate to tell me if you have any request.
如果你有什么要求请告诉我，不要犹豫。
She hesitated over/at/about the choice between the dresses.
她犹豫不决，不能决定选两件裙子中的哪件。
【归纳】
v. 踌躇，犹豫，迟疑
hesitate to do ... 迟疑于做……
hesitate over/at/about 对做……犹豫不决
【拓展】
〈反义〉determine v. 决心
hesitation n. 犹豫，踌躇
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
hesitant adj. 犹豫的
classify
Would you classify her novels as serious literature or other？
你认为她的小说属于严肃文学，还是其他？
The books in the library are classified by/according to subject.
图书馆的书是按科目分类的。
Nouns can be classified into countable nouns and uncountable nouns.
名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
【归纳】
vt. 分类，归类；把……分等级
classify sth as 把……归类为……
classify sth by/according to 根据……为某物分类
classify sth in/into 把某物分成
【拓展】
classified adj. 分类的；分等级的
We can never find classified advertisement in the magazine.
在那本杂志上我们从来看不到分类广告。
classification n. 分类；类别
These things belong in a different classification.
这些东西属于不同的类别.
acquaintance
I came to England to make your acquaintance！
我正是来英国结识你的！
Mr Smith is an acquaintance of mine.
我与史密斯先生相识。
I have some acquaintance with the language.
我懂这门语言。
【归纳】
n. [C]相识；熟人 [U]认识，相知
make one’s acquaintance/make the acquaintance of sb 结识某人
【拓展】
on/upon （further） acquaintance 经过（更深入的）了解后
gain acquaintance with 与……得以熟悉
cut/drop one’s acquaintance with 与……绝交
acquaint sb with 使……知道，告知
He acquainted me with the change of the plan.
他告诉了我计划变更一事。
sharpen
She is sharpening a pencil.
她正在削铅笔。
The outline of the trees sharpened as it grew lighter.
随着天色转亮，树的轮廓也变清晰了。
His voice sharpened as he became impatient.
他不耐烦的时候，说话的声音也变尖了。
【归纳】
v. 使锋利；变得清晰；变得刺耳。
【拓展】
sharp
adj. 锐利的，尖的；（思维、目光）敏锐的；听觉灵敏的
I want a needle with a sharp point.
我想要一枚尖利的针。
adv. 准时地；整点地
you’d better get here at seven o’clock sharp.
你最好七点整到这儿。
assume
We can’t assume anything in this case.
这种情况下，我们不能作任何假设。
I didn’t see his car， so I assumed he’d gone out. 我没见到他的车，所以认为他出去了。
It’s generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
普遍认为繁重的工作会导致压力。
We can’t just assume her （to be） guilty.
我们不能想当然地认为她有罪。
【归纳】
v. 假定；认为；装作；承担。后多跟名词、代词、或从句作宾语，亦可跟复合宾语。
【拓展】
assumption n. 假定；假设
make an assumption about sth 认为/假定……
on the assumption that ... 假定……
cut up
Cut up the carrots before you put them into the pot.
把胡萝卜切碎后再放进锅内。
【归纳】
cut up 切开；切碎；弄碎
【拓展】
cut in 插嘴；强行超车
cut off 中断；砍掉；使……与外界隔绝
cut down 砍倒；减少；缩短
cut away 切除；剪去
cut out 裁减；删除；停止
cut across 抄近路穿过
练习
1. He ________ me he was brought up in a shabby and dirty town.
A. hesitated tell B. hesitated to tell
C. hesitated telling D. hesitated to telling
2. It was in Beijing that I made the________ ，of Steven Chen， who has a good sense of humor.
A. acknowledgement B. recognition
C. acquaintance D. association
3. We ________ certain living things as birds not because they have long legs or short ones， but because they all have feathers.
A. suppose B. classify
C. clarify D. insist
4. Today， the forests have almost gone. People must be stopped from________ too many tress.
A. cutting in B. cutting down
C. cutting up D. cutting out
5. The native Canadians lived in ________ ， with nature， for they respected nature as a provider of life.
A. contact B. harmony
C. acquaintance D. agreement
6. ________ ， I considered him as my best friend. （acquaintance）
认识他以后，我把他当做我最好的朋友。
7. He ________a pencil properly. （sharpen）
他甚至连一支铅笔都削不好。
8. She ________， but I still recognized her. （assume）
她装出洋腔调，但我仍听出来了。
参考答案
1～5 BCBBB
6. Having made his acquaintance
7. can’t even sharpen
8. assumed a foreign accent