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在生物与农业試驗研究中,我們所接触到的是样本,不是总体;对于样本,我們了解它的頻率分布以后,有必要通过更概括的方法来掌握这类分布的特征。我們談到过,生物統計的一个重要任务是要从样本来推論总体,也就是要从頻率分布的某些特征,通过統計分析的方法来推論总体的特征。这样看来,样本頻率分布特征的研究起着統計分析的准备作用。
In the biological and agricultural experimental research, we are exposed to the sample, not the overall; for the sample, we understand the frequency distribution, it is necessary to grasp the characteristics of such distribution through a more general method. As we talked about, one of the important tasks of biometrics is to deduce the totality from the sample, that is, to deduce the overall characteristics from some features of the frequency distribution by means of statistical analysis. In this sense, the study of the frequency distribution characteristics of the samples serves as a preparation for statistical analysis.