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健全的体制是实施素质教育的根本保障。中小学应试教育现象难以遏制、素质教育难以推进的深层原因在于:无论教育系统内外,目前均存在尚未消除的体制性障碍——内生性体制性障碍与外生性体制性障碍。体制性障碍的突破及体制创新是进一步推进中小学素质教育的关键。我国要充分认识到推进素质教育是一项社会系统工程;调整高等教育的结构与改革高考招生制度;改革中小学的办学体制,形成基础教育多样化的办学格局;改革中小学的学校管理体制。
A sound system is the fundamental guarantee for the implementation of quality education. The primary reason why test-oriented education in primary and secondary schools can not be stopped and the quality education is hard to push forward is that there are still unresolved institutional obstacles both in and out of the education system - endogenous institutional barriers and exogenous institutional barriers. Breakthroughs in institutional barriers and institutional innovation are the keys to further promoting quality education in primary and secondary schools. China should fully realize that promoting quality education is a social systematic project; adjusting the structure of higher education and reforming the entrance examination system for higher education entrance examination; reforming the school system in primary and secondary schools to form a diversified schooling pattern for basic education; and reforming the school management system in primary and secondary schools.