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本文总结了目前光弹性法研究断裂力学中于模型试样上制作模拟裂纹所用的三种方法——机械加工,夹片和张拉法。前两种方法只能在试件上形成切口状裂缝,而第三种方法可以形成品质优良的“理想尖裂纹”(即裂缝宽度为零的尖裂纹)。本文分析了在用不同方法所形成的裂纹试件,对光弹性法实验确定K_1的影响。给出“理想尖裂纹”试件作K_1测定中所呈献的特点.实践表明,在“理想尖裂纹”试样上进行测定时,由于数据采集范围大,数值稳定性好,T—N曲线上试验点分布规律性明显,能带来高精度的测定结果。此外,文中还提出评定裂纹试样的三条质量标准。
This paper summarizes the three methods used in the research of fracture mechanics in photo-elasticity method to make simulated cracks on model specimens—mechanical machining, clips and tensioning methods. The first two methods can only form slit-like cracks on the test piece, while the third method can form a good-quality “ideal spike” (ie, a crack with a crack width of zero). This paper analyzes the effect of photoelasticity experiments on the determination of K_1 in cracked specimens formed by different methods. The characteristics of the “ideal spike crack” test specimen for K_1 determination are given. Practice has shown that when measuring on the “ideal spike crack” specimen, the data acquisition range is large and the numerical stability is good. On the TN curve The distribution of test points has obvious regularity and can bring high-precision measurement results. In addition, three quality standards for crack test specimens are also proposed.