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张翎的小说《金山》通过对方家五代人在太平洋两岸穿梭、保持多重关系的书写,挑战了过去海外华人社会及文化属性研究的民族国家范式。在小说中,以方家为代表的华人群体通过汇款、参与国内政治活动等建立和保持了多层次的社会关系,建立了跨越传统民族国家地理边界的社会场。小说对华人移民历史的重现反映出张翎意识到海外华人身份和文化属性的复杂性、多元性以及过去移民研究民族国家范式的局限,因而试图通过重建历史来观照海外华人的跨国民族主义以及不同代际之间的跨国民族主义差异。
Zhang Ling’s novel Jinshan, by keeping five generations of his family moving across the Pacific Ocean and maintaining a multi-relational writing, challenged the national-state paradigm of the social and cultural attributes of overseas Chinese in the past. In the novel, the Chinese group represented by the Fang family established and maintained multi-level social relations through remittances, participation in domestic political activities and the like, and established a social field that spans the geographical boundaries of the traditional nation-state. The novel’s reappearance of the history of Chinese immigrants reflects that Zhang Ling, aware of the complexity and diversity of overseas Chinese’s identity and cultural attributes and the limitation of past immigrants’ research on the nation-state paradigm, tries to reconstruct history to reconstruct the transnational nationalism of overseas Chinese and Transnational Nationalism Differences between Generations.