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水肿指血管外的组织间隙中有过多的体液积聚,其外部表现为手指按压皮下组织少的部位(如小腿前侧)时,有明显的凹陷,是一种常见病症。引起水肿的原因很多,在高中生物中涉及到的主要有四种。第一种:炎症引起水肿。发炎是由细菌、病毒感染或其它原因所致。在发炎过程中,部分有害物质能增加毛细血管的通透性,使血浆蛋白大量进入组织液;血浆浓度下降,组织液浓度升高,于是水分大量进入组织液,形成水肿。如丹毒、疖肿、蜂窝组织炎等均可致局部水肿。
Edema refers to excessive accumulation of body fluid in the interstitial space outside the blood vessels. The external appearance of the edema is a common depression when the finger presses on a site with less subcutaneous tissue (eg, anterior leg). There are many causes of edema. There are four main types of edema involved in high school biology. The first kind: Inflammation causes edema. Inflammation is caused by bacteria, viruses, or other causes. In the process of inflammation, part of the harmful substances can increase the permeability of the capillaries, allowing a large amount of plasma proteins to enter the tissue fluid; the plasma concentration decreases, and the tissue fluid concentration increases, so that a large amount of water enters the tissue fluid to form edema. Such as erysipelas, bloated, cellulitis can cause local edema.