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冷战结束以来,随着全球化的纵深发展和新兴国家的群体性崛起,世界正在经历一场持久而深入的权势转移。在此背景下,各国面临一系列新形势与新挑战,其中就包括以海洋、太空、网络空间和极地等为代表的全球公域出现的新形势与新挑战。美国国防部于2010年发布的《四年一度防务评审》报告认为,全球公域是指不受单个国家控制,同时又为各国所依赖的领域或区域,它们构成了国际体系的网状结构。
Since the end of the Cold War, with the further development of globalization and the rise of groups in emerging countries, the world is experiencing a lasting and in-depth transfer of power. Against this background, all countries are facing a series of new situations and new challenges, including the new situation and new challenges in the global commons represented by the sea, space, cyberspace and polar regions. According to the Quadrennial Defense Review issued by the U.S. Department of Defense in 2010, the global commons are areas or regions that are not under the control of a single country, but are also dependent on each country. They constitute the reticular structure of the international system.