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本世纪初叶以来,新疆塔里木盆地古代遗址发现的佉卢文书为研究公元二世纪末至四、五世纪于阗、鄯善国史提供了第一手史料。其中一项十分引人注目的内容即文书透露出许多前人不知道的西域地理情况。以前研究西域地理大都通过古希腊、罗马经典和汉文史籍的有关记载来揣摩。佉卢文书的发现使丝绸之路历史地理研究进入新的阶段。本文旨在归纳总结近一个世纪来这一领域的讲究成果,并对一些选今未能阐述清楚的问题提出我们的意见。
Since the beginning of this century, the Lulu documents found in the ancient ruins of the Tarim Basin in Xinjiang provided the first-hand historical materials for studying the history of the Han and Han Shan States from the end of the second century to the fourth and fifth centuries AD. One of the most compelling pieces of paper is that the instrument reveals many geographies of the Western Regions that many people did not know before. Most of the previous studies on the geography of the Western Regions have tried to figure out the relevant records of ancient Greek, Roman classics and Chinese historical books. The discovery of the Lu-Wen instrument brought the study of the history and the geography of the Silk Road to a new stage. The purpose of this article is to summarize the most noteworthy achievements in this field in the past century and to put forward our opinions on some issues that have not been spelled out so far.