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目的 探讨早期发现与诊断发育性髋关节发育不良的方法与措施。方法 回顾分析8 例发育性髋关节发育不良的临床资料。结果 发病率0 6‰,8 例中双侧脱位3 例(男1 例,女2 例),单侧脱位5 例(男2例,女3例),臀位出生7例,头位出生1例,剖宫产6例,经阴道臀位助产2例。髋关节蛙式外展试验阳性(外展受限≤70°)7例9个关节,阳性率82%(9/11)。Ortolani试验阳性4例5个关节,阳性率46%(5/11)。Barlow试验阳性1例2个关节,阳性率18%(2/11)。单侧脱位,患肢缩短(Allis试验阳性)5例5个关节,阳性率100%(5/5);患肢臀部皮纹升高、增多5例5个关节,阳性率100%(5/5)。结论 在早期诊断体征中,髋关节蛙式外展受限、单侧脱位时患肢缩短、臀部皮纹升高增多是最多见的体征,Ortolani征和Barlow征是最有诊断意义的试验。新生儿期普查髋关节、婴儿期定期复查髋关节直至会正常行走为止,是早期发现和诊断发育性髋关节发育不良的有效措施。
Objective To explore the early detection and diagnosis of developing hip dysplasia methods and measures. Methods Retrospective analysis of 8 cases of developmental hip dysplasia clinical data. Results The incidence of 0 6 ‰, 8 cases of bilateral dislocation in 3 cases (1 males and 2 females), unilateral dislocation in 5 cases (2 males and 3 females), breech was born in 7 cases, head position 1 Cases, cesarean section in 6 cases, vaginal breech midwifery in 2 cases. Hip joint frog outreach test was positive (abduction ≤ 70 °) in 7 cases and 9 joints, the positive rate was 82% (9/11). Ortolani test positive 4 cases of 5 joints, the positive rate of 46% (5/11). Barlow test positive in 1 case 2 joints, the positive rate of 18% (2/11). Unilateral dislocation, limb shortening (Allis test positive) 5 cases of 5 joints, the positive rate was 100% (5/5); limbs hip striae increased, increased in 5 cases 5 joints, the positive rate of 100% 5). Conclusions In the early diagnosis of signs, fronto-abduction of the hip joint is restricted, limb shortening and increase of gluteal striae are the most common signs in unilateral dislocation. Ortolani sign and Barlow sign are the most diagnostic tests. Neonatal census Hip, hip review regularly until the baby until normal walking so far, early detection and diagnosis of dysplastic development of hip dysfunction is an effective measure.