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相比于传统激光雷达,全波形激光雷达以非常小的采样间隔记录激光回波的全部信息并以数字化存储,经过处理可以得到能够反映地物固有特性的潜在特征。在全波形激光雷达回波数据处理中,对波形数据的校正是波形分解和地物目标特征提取的关键步骤。针对激光雷达系统获取数据过程中同类型建筑物目标对不同入射方向激光反射的差异,提出了一种全波形激光雷达数据的后向散射截面校正方法,建立了顾及入射角的波形数据校正模型。采用机载小光斑全波形激光雷达数据对提出的校正方法进行验证,结果表明:该校正方法能够对同类型建筑物目标的波形数据的后向散射截面进行归一化校正,消除不同入射角对该类目标后向散射截面的影响,极大提高后续建筑物目标精细分类和特征提取等应用的精度。
Compared with traditional LIDARs, full-wave LIDARs record all the information of the laser echoes at very small sampling intervals and are digitally stored and processed to obtain potential features that reflect the inherent properties of the features. In full-wave laser radar echo data processing, the correction of waveform data is the key step of waveform decomposition and object feature extraction. Aiming at the difference of laser reflection between different building targets in different incident directions during laser radar data acquisition, a method of backscatter cross-section correction for full-wave lidar data is proposed and a waveform data correction model is established. The calibration method proposed is validated by using airborne small spot full-wave lidar data. The results show that this correction method can normalize the backscatter cross section of the waveform data of the same type of buildings and eliminate the different incident angle pairs This type of target backscatter cross-section of the impact, greatly improving the follow-up building objects fine classification and feature extraction and other applications of precision.