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一、独具特色的“元老政治”明治维新之后,日本在经济上开始了全面学习欧美列强,但在政治上,日本却形成了独具特色的元老政治。当推动明治维新的核心人物大久保利通、西乡隆盛、木户孝允相继去世后,在政坛上活跃的是曾参加过推翻幕府统治的八名功臣,即伊藤博文、山县有朋、黑田清隆、松方正义、西乡从道、大山岩、桂太郎与西园寺公望。在明治天皇末期,八元老利用他们的影响力,推选代表人物轮流执政,史称“元老政治”。
First, the unique “veteran politics ” After the Meiji Restoration, Japan in the economy began a comprehensive study of European and American powers, but politically, Japan has formed a unique veteran politics. When the key figures promoting Meiji Restoration, such as Okubo, Okutama and Nobuhiro were killed in the political arena, they had participated in the overthrow of the eight shogunate rule of the shogunate government, namely Ito Hirobumi, Yamauchi Naomasa, Kuroda Qinglong, Songfang justice, Xixiang from the Road, Dashanyan, Guitar Taro and West Park Temple public hope. At the end of the Meiji Emperor, the Eight Yuanlao used their influence to elect their representatives to take turns to govern, known as “political veteran ”.