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青藏高原特有鲤科多倍体鱼类(裂腹鱼类)的起源和物种分化研究有助于探讨鲤科鱼类物种分化和青藏高原隆升之间的关系.本研究利用线粒体和核基因DNA序列构建系统发育关系,并以此来追溯裂腹鱼类多倍体的起源及其物种分化.倍性水平的祖先状态重建结果显示,鲤亚科是二倍体起源的,而裂腹鱼类是四倍体起源.研究还发现,在适应青藏高原隆升过程中,鲤亚科鱼类物种分化速率发生了两次明显改变,而且这些分化速率变化都发生在青藏高原特有鱼类的分支中.本研究表明,青藏高原特有的多倍体化裂腹鱼类包含了两个独立起源的类群.裂腹鱼类的物种分化与晚第三纪以来的青藏高原隆升密切相关,其中,渐新世晚期至中新世中期的裂腹鱼类适应性分化与青藏高原南部地区以及喜马拉雅山脉的隆升相关;中新世中期到更新世早期的物种分化基本同晚第三纪青藏高原隆升的主要阶段相一致;而更新世以来裂腹鱼属(Schizothorax)的物种分化则和青藏高原快速隆升过程中的昆仑-黄河运动及共和运动密切相关.
The studies on the origin and species differentiation of polychaete fish (Siphonaptera fishes) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are helpful to explore the relationship between the differentiation of cyprinid species and the uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau .In this study, mitochondria and nuclear DNA Sequence to construct the phylogenetic relationship and to trace the origin and species differentiation of the polyploid fission fish.Results of ploidy level ancestral state reconstruction showed that the Cyprinidian family is of diploid origin, Is a tetraploid origin.The study also found that in the process of uplifting the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the differentiation rate of the common carp subfamily fish species changed obviously, and the changes of these differentiation rates occurred in the branches of the endemic fish in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau .This study shows that the polyploid Schistosoma japonicum contained in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau contains two independently originated groups.The species differentiation of Schizothorax is closely related to the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau since the late Tertiary, in which gradually The adaptive differentiation of Schizothorax was associated with the uplift of the southern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Himalayas in the Late Paleocene to mid-Miocene. The species differentiation of the mid-Miocene to early Pleistocene was basically the same as that of the Late Qinghai-Xizang Plateau L The main stage is consistent; and since the Pleistocene Schizothorax species (Schizothorax) species differentiation is rapid uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and Kunlun process - the Yellow movement and the republican movement are closely related.