增加铁路运力是我国铁路发展的重要保证，但回顾世界铁路发展与公路发展的进程，铁路经历了曲折的道路，而我国铁路发展比公路发展缓慢得多，西南地区表现尤为突出。因而，必须吸取铁路发展的历史经验教训，充分认识铁路在国民经济发展中的地位和作用，贯彻以增加铁路运能为重点的方针，加速铁路发展。 However, reviewing the progress of world railway development and highway development, the railway experienced a tortuous path. However, the development of China’s railways is much slower than the development of highways. The southwestern region is particularly prominent. Therefore, we must learn from the historical experiences and lessons of railway development, fully understand the status and role of the railway in the national economic development, implement the principle that focuses on increasing the railway transport capacity, and speed up railway development.