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蜗壳是水电站水下部分的主要结构之一。它的结构形式不仅要满足使有效水头的捐失达到最小的要求,而且还要有足够的强度以保证水电站的安全运转。此外,还必须满足施工方便和造价低廉等要求。在高水头电站中通常采用圆形断面的钢蜗壳。根据初步的计算,为了满足强度的要求,高水头巨型水轮机的钢蜗壳的壳体厚度一般可达7～12厘米。这不仅大大地超过了钢板铸造能力的范围,而且辗弯和焊接技术亦远远满足不了这一要求。
The volute is one of the main structures of the underwater part of a hydropower station. Its structure not only meets the requirement of minimizing the loss of effective head, but also has enough strength to ensure the safe operation of the hydropower station. In addition, it must also meet the requirements of construction convenience and low cost. In the high head station usually uses a circular section of the steel volute. According to preliminary calculations, in order to meet the requirements of strength, the casing thickness of the steel volute of a high-water-head giant turbine is generally up to 7 to 12 cm. This not only greatly exceeds the range of steel casting capacity, and rolling and welding technology is far from meeting this requirement.