一明清以来儒学的衰颓与遭遇明清以来的儒学发展表现为两个不同的历史过程,一是明清经世实学思潮。明王朝的覆亡,朝野志士在痛苦的反思中,清醒地认识到“程朱理学”和“陆王心学”的空疏、教条本质是王朝覆灭的重要祸根,救弊之道在“实学”而不在“空言”。明清之际士大夫中的一批优秀分子面对当时国危民艰的局面,为了救亡图存、济世救民,竭力提倡“治国平天 Since the Ming and Qing dynasties Confucianism decayed and experienced the development of Confucianism since the Ming and Qing Dynasties as two distinct historical processes, one is the Ming and Qing practical thinking. In the painful reflections of the Ming dynasty, the patriots in the state and the nation clearly soberly realized the emptiness of ”Cheng and Zhu Neo-Confucianism“ and ”Lu Wang’s Heart Theory“. The essence of dogma is an important curse of the destruction of the dynasty. Real learning ”instead of “ empty words ”. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, a group of elite scholars in the field faced the difficult situation of the country and the people at that time. In order to save the nation and save the people,