成语是熟语的一种,也叫现成话,是由两个或两个以上结合得很紧的词组合成的固定短语,作用相当于一个词。 成语的来源主要有两方面。一方面是从书本上传下来的。其一,古代诗文词句的节录或节缩。如“中庸之道”出自《论语·雍也》:“中庸之为德也,其至矣乎!”“风清弊绝”出自宋·周敦颐《拙赋》:“巧者言,拙者默;巧者劳,拙者逸;巧者贼,拙者德;巧者凶,拙者吉。呜呼,天下拙,刑政彻,上安下顺,风清弊绝。”其二,历史的故事。如“退避三舍”是《左传·僖公二十八年》:“退三舍避之”的故事。“破釜沉舟”是《史记·项羽本纪》记载的“项羽乃悉引兵渡河,皆沉船,破釜甑”的故事。其三,寓言故事。如“滥竽充数”出自《韩非·内储说上》、“守株待兔”出自《韩非·五蠹》。另一方面是从口 Idioms are a kind of idioms, also known as ready-made words, which are fixed phrases that are composed of two or more words that are combined very tightly. The effect is equivalent to one word. There are two main sources of idioms. On the one hand, it was uploaded from the book. First, excerpts or contractions of ancient poetry and phrases. Such as “The Way of Doctrine” comes from “The Analects of Confucius,” as well: “The golden mean is also a virtue, and it’s even better!” “Wind is clear and evil is absolutely bad” from Song Zhou Dunyi’s “endowment”: “Qiao Renyan, the sage is silent;拙者逸;巧者贼,拙者德;巧者凶凶,拙者吉.呜呼呼,天天下,刑政彻,安安下顺,风清清绝。” Second, the story of history. For example, ”Retreating from Homes and Houses“ is the story of ”Twenty-eight Years of Zuo Chuangonggong“: the story of ”retreating from homes“. The story of ”Story of Xiang Yu“ is the story of Xiang Yu, who learned to lead soldiers and cross the river, sinks ships, and breaks the cauldron. Third, the fable story. For example, ”Incredibleness“ comes from ”Han Fei’s Internal Storage Theory“ and ”Shou Wu Waits for Rabbits“ from ”Han Fei Wu Yao". On the other hand, from the mouth