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选择机械通气中有支气管痉挛的病人共２６例，随机分为治疗组与对照组各１３例，双盲模拟实验给药。治疗组用氯胺酮（ｋｅｔａｍｉｎｅ）２ｍｇ／ｋｇ，对照组用生理盐水２ｍｌ静脉注射。分别于给药前、后检测记录肺部听诊哮鸣音强度变化、肺胸顺应性、血气分析等。结果：氯氨酮静脉注射后两肺哮鸣音迅速减弱，并持续１小时以上。肺胸顺应性改善不明显。ＰａＯ２从９．３８±０．５ｋＰａ升至１５．０６±２．６７ｋＰａ（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＰａＣＯ２无变化。对照组两肺哮鸣音、肺胸顺应性、ＰａＯ２均无变化。ＰａＣＯ２从５．４７±０．８９ｋＰａ升至６．１３±０．８９ｋＰａ（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：氯胺酮对机械通气中的支气管痉挛是有效的，可以试用于常规治疗无效的病例。但对于未行气管插管、机械通气的哮喘发作病人不能使用。因其影响病人神志、抑制呼吸、增加呼吸道分泌物等作用，对未能有效控制呼吸的病人是危险的。
A total of 26 patients with bronchospasm in mechanical ventilation were selected and randomly divided into treatment group and control group, with 13 cases in each group. The double-blind simulation experiment was given. The treatment group with ketamine (ketamine) 2mg / kg, the control group with saline 2ml intravenous injection. Respectively before and after the test recording changes in the intensity of lung auscultation wheeze, lung chest compliance, blood gas analysis. Results: Both lung wheezing sounds rapidly weakened after ketamine infusion for more than 1 hour. Pulmonary thoracic compliance did not improve significantly. PaO2 rose from 9.38 ± 0.5 kPa to 15.06 ± 2.67 kPa (P <0.05), while PaCO2 did not change. The control group two lung wheeze, lung chest compliance, PaO2 no change. PaCO2 increased from 5.47 ± 0.89 kPa to 6.13 ± 0.89 kPa (P <0.05). Conclusions: Ketamine is effective in bronchospasm in mechanical ventilation and can be used in cases where routine treatment is ineffective. However, for patients who have not been intubated or have mechanical ventilation, asthma attacks can not be used. Because it affects the patient consciousness, inhibition of breathing, increased respiratory secretions and other effects, is not effective in controlling the respiration of patients is dangerous.