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1948年8月20日,蒋经国以新任中央常委和“太子”的双重身份,飞临上海。就在他到达上海的当天,各报以头条位置刊出了当局发布的以“币制改革”为重心的紧急处分令。其要旨有三:一是从即日起抽紧银根,用限额发行的金圆券,取代泛滥成灾的法币;二是规定民间所有金银外币必须在限期内兑换成金圆券,同时,对国民存放在国外的外汇资产实行限期登记;三是将全国各种物品及劳务的价格无条件地冻结在8月19日的水平上。这就是所谓的“八·一九”防线。
On August 20, 1948, Chiang Ching-kuo flew to Shanghai in the dual capacity of the new Central Standing Committee and Prince. Just as on the day he arrived in Shanghai, each newspaper published in its headlines an emergency order issued by the authorities focusing on the “currency reform”. There are three main points: Firstly, we should tighten up the monetary policy from now on and replace the flood-fisted legal currency with the quota issued golden certificates; second, we must stipulate that all the private gold and silver foreign currencies must be redeemed into gold certificates within the specified time limit; meanwhile, The foreign exchange assets shall be subject to the deadline for registration; the third is to freeze the prices of various goods and services throughout the country on August 19 at an unconditional price. This is the so-called “1989” defense.