一、前言γ射线探伤是一种经济有效的无损检测方法,它在工业射线探伤中有着广阔的应用前景。主要优点:经济效益高,检测速度快,探伤灵敏度高,安全可靠,不用水和电,维修容易,体积小、重量轻,可在高空、陆地、水下、室内、野外等各类环境中连续进行工作。用在电力、核工程、航空、航天工程、化工容器、石油开采、冶金矿山机械、造船和水下工程等方面。因此,国外发达的国家用得非常广泛。据有关报导,在法国γ射线探伤和 X 射线探伤几乎各占一半。由于种种原因,在相当长的时期内,我国γ射线探伤几乎处于停止状态。随着核工业的发展和安全防护措施的完善,现在我国不仅有生产各种源的高通量反应堆,而且也有生产 I. Introduction Gamma ray flaw detection is a cost-effective non-destructive testing method, which has broad application prospects in industrial radiographic testing. Main advantages: high economic efficiency, fast detection, high detection sensitivity, safe and reliable, without water and electricity, easy maintenance, small size and light weight, and can be continuous in various environments such as high altitude, land, underwater, indoor and outdoor working. Used in electric power, nuclear engineering, aviation, aerospace engineering, chemical containers, oil exploration, metallurgical mining machinery, shipbuilding and underwater engineering. Therefore, the developed countries have a very extensive use. According to reports, almost half of gamma-ray and X-ray flaw detection in France. For a variety of reasons, for a long period of time, China’s γ-ray detection is almost at a standstill. With the development of the nuclear industry and the improvement of safety precautions, not only are high-throughput reactors producing various sources in our country, but also production