【目的】探讨隐球菌病的临床诊治方法。【方法】回顾性分析1例隐球菌病诊治经过并结合文献复习。【结果】患者既往健康，无免疫力缺陷。因右侧胸背部疼痛1年，头痛、发热、呕吐2个月入院。采用抗结核及支持疗法后，病情无缓解。行右侧肩胛骨脓肿穿刺术及腰椎穿刺术，脓液及脑脊液真菌培养证实为新型隐球菌。抗真菌治疗3个月出院，临床随访半年无复发。【结论】对骨关节疼痛、发热、头痛的患者，诊断考虑结核感染的同时，要高度警惕新型隐球菌感染的可能，而反复脑脊液真菌培养及微创针刺取材细菌学检查是明确诊断的主要方法。“,”Objective] To report a rare case of cryptococcosis and discuss its diagnosis and treatment so as to raise its awareness .[Methods] The history ,clinical characteristics and outcome of this patient were sum‐marized with a literature review .[Results] The previously healthy patient had no immune defect .Chest and back pain occurred on right side for over 2 years .Headache was accompanied by fever and vomiting for 2 months .After anti‐tuberculosis and supporting therapies ,there was no improvement .Through right scapula abscess and lumbar punctures ,puncture fluid and cerebrospinal fluid were positive for Cryptococcus neofor‐mans .After 3‐month antifungal treatment ,the patient was discharged and there was no recurrence during a 6‐month follow‐up period .[Conclusion] For bone & joint pain ,fever and headache ,the diagnosis of tuberculo‐sis infection should be considered with a high degree of vigilance for Cryptococcal infection .Repeated CSF fun‐gal culture and mini‐invasive acupuncture based bacteriological examination are main diagnostic tools of crypto‐coccosis .