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目的分析一起甲型H1N1流感爆发疫情的原因和特点。方法对疫情进行描述性统计分析,探讨本次爆发的流行因素。结果这是一起甲型H1N1流感爆发疫情,8月22日至29日该厂共发生病例69例,总罹患率为10.5%,年龄18～30岁,平均21岁,男女比例为1:1.02,男女罹患率差异无统计学意义,病例宿舍分布较分散,住宿员工和外租员工罹患率差异无统计学意义。白班人群罹患率为15.6%,晚班人群罹患率为4.7%,白班人群发病率明显高于夜班人群,差异具有统计学意义。病例主要集中在白班冲压课,罹患率为26.2%,而白班清洗课罹患率仅为7.6%,两者差异有统计学意义。晚班冲压课和清洗课罹患率差异无统计学意义。冲压1线、冲压5线白班的发病率较高,分别为27.6%和26.3%,冲压线白班的病例有明显的空间聚集性。经实验室检测有4份甲型H1N1流感阳性。结论本次爆发最重要的传播途径是近距离的飞沫传播以及通过流水线的接触传播,采取以隔离传染源为核心的综合措施,对彻底控制疫情起到了决定性作用。
Objective To analyze the causes and characteristics of influenza A (H1N1) outbreak. Methods Descriptive statistical analysis of the epidemic to explore the outbreak of the epidemic. The result was an outbreak of influenza A (H1N1). A total of 69 cases were reported in the factory between August 22 and August 29, with a total attack rate of 10.5% and a mean age of 21 years (range, 18 to 30 years), with a ratio of 1: 1.02. There was no significant difference in the attack rate between men and women, the distribution of dormitory was more scattered, and there was no significant difference in the attack rate among the resident staff and the rent-out staff. Daytime attack rate of 15.6% of the population, nighttime attack rate of 4.7%, the incidence of white-collar workers was significantly higher than night-time crowd, the difference was statistically significant. The cases mainly concentrated in the class of punching, the attack rate was 26.2%, while the white-collar cleaning class attack rate was only 7.6%, the difference was statistically significant. There was no significant difference in attack rates between night-time stamping and cleaning classes. The incidence of punching 1-line and punching 5-line shift was higher at 27.6% and 26.3%, respectively. There was a significant spatial clustering of the punctual shift cases. The laboratory tests have 4 influenza A (H1N1) positive. Conclusion The most important transmission route of this outbreak is the close spread of droplets and the contagion through the pipeline. The comprehensive measures with the source of isolation as the core have played a decisive role in the complete control of the epidemic.