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不同的典型洪水组成对梯级水库的联合防洪调度风险有重要影响,为研究其对极限风险的具体影响以提高梯级水库洪水资源利用率,以黄河上游龙羊峡和刘家峡梯级水库为例,选取干流和支流实测洪水流量资料的年最大洪量过程,按洪峰在洪水过程中出现的位置划分为4场典型洪水,并从中各筛选出4场典型洪水过程线组合成16种情景,采用同倍比放大法推出梯级水库入库设计洪水,以下游水库设计洪水位作为极限风险控制指标,通过调洪演算得到防洪极限风险率。经分析干流洪峰靠后支流洪峰靠前的典型洪水组合对刘家峡水库的极限风险起决定作用。不同起调水位的联合防洪补偿调度计算结果表明,视不同来水情况可将刘家峡水库起调水位抬升至1 728~1 730m,以充分利用黄河流域的洪水资源。
Different typical flood components have an important influence on the joint flood control risk of cascade reservoirs. In order to study its specific impact on the ultimate risk to improve the utilization rate of cascade reservoirs, taking the Longyangxia and Liujiaxia cascade reservoirs in the upper Yellow River as an example, And the annual maximum flood process of the flood data of tributaries were divided into four typical floods according to the location of flood peak in the flood process. Four typical flood process lines were screened out to form 16 kinds of scenarios, and the same magnification ratio was used to amplify Law launched cascade reservoir storage design floods, the downstream reservoir design flood level as a limit risk control indicators, flood control calculation by the flood risk limit risk rate. The analysis of the typical flood combination of the flood peak of the main stream and the flood peak of the later tributary of the mainstream plays a decisive role in the ultimate risk of Liujiaxia Reservoir. The calculation results of the combined flood control and compensation for different water levels indicate that the water level of Liujiaxia Reservoir can be raised to 1 728-1 730m depending on the incoming water so as to make full use of flood resources in the Yellow River Basin.